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KURS I LONDON OM BYPLANLEGGING
I mai og juni 2004 arrangeres det i London to kurs om sentrale temaer i moderne byplanlegging: Offentlig deltakelse i planprosessen og bruk av "urban codes" eller formingsrettledere. Kursene arrangeres av Prince`s Foundation samarbeid med The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (John Prescott). Metodene som presenteres er relevante også for Norge. CEU-Norge (Council for European Urbanism) er medarrangør og kan tilby redusert kursavgift. Den første dagen er organisert som en konferense med foredrag. De to påfølgende dagers "Master Class" gir deltakerne en grundig opplæring i bruk av teknikker og prosedyrer. Deltakerne får omfattende kursmateriell. Kursene holdes i Prince`s Foundation, 19-22 Charlotte Rd, Shoreditch (Old Street tube station). Kursene er en oppfølging av et samarbeid mellom Prince`s Foundation og visestatsminister John Prescotts for å planlegge flere hundre tusen boliger i nye byområder basert på prinsipper i tradisjonell byforming / New Urbanism. Nedenfor kan man lese utdrag av John Prescotts tale der dette samarbeidet ble annonsert.
KURS 1; 18. - 20. MAI: "Enquiring by Design: The new Tools for Collaborative Planning". Et tredagers kurs viet offentlig deltakelse i planprosesser, med hovedvekt på charetter (metoden kalles "Enquiry by Design" i England). Charetter er ukelange, intensive workshops der alle parter og aktører inviteres til å delta i en forpliktende prosess for stedsutvikling. I løpet av charetten produserer et team av uavhengige fagfolk et planforslag for det aktuelle området, basert på den enighet som er oppnådd under charetten om ulike aspekter av områdets fremtidige utvikling. I sitt vedtak av reguleringsplan for Bjørvika sier Oslo Bystyre at charetter kan benyttes som alternativ til arkitektkonkurranser i planleggingen av delområder. Byrådet har også fremhevet charetter som en egnet planprosess for områder som Filipstad og Majorstulokket. På anmodning av Byutvikllngskomiteen har Plan- og bygningsetaten nylig gjort en egen utredning om charetter, med anbefaling av at metoden benyttes. Imidlertid er en vellykket charette avhengig av en godt planlagt og gjennomført prosess. Lederne av charetten må derfor være skolert i metoden. Dette kurset vil gi kompetanse til å organisere og delta i charetter i Norge. Eksperter fra USA og Storbritannia vil gi deltakerne innsikt i 10 års erfaringer med charetter som planprosess. Blant underviserne er Victor Dover fra The National Charette Institute, USA. Deres nettside med informasjon om charetter:
What is a charette?
Artikkel av Victor Dover:
KURS 2; 15. - 17. JUNI: "THE PLACE OF URBAN CODES
Kurset gir opplæring i bruk av formingsrettledere (codes) i byutviklingsprosjekter. Blant foreleserne er Andre Duany, den fremste talsmann internasjonalt for New Urbanism. Fra Charter of New Urbanism: "The economic health and harmonious evolution of neighborhoods, districts, and corridors can be improved through graphic urban design codes that serve as predictable guides for change". Om betydningen av codes: "A new approach to building codes, called “form-based codes” is an important tool for implementing New Urbanist development. Form-based codes provide guidelines and building requirements that define a particular type of development desired in a particular area, such as low- or medium-density residential, or mixed-use urban village. It provides greater design flexibility and coordination than conventional, land use based codes". Kilde: http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm24.htm "Codes prescribe -- in written and graphic format -- performance criteria in terms of function, disposition, and configuration:
Visestatsminister John Prescott om codes:
REDUSERT KURSAVGIFT Vanlig kursavgift er 575 £ pluss britisk MVA, ca. kr. 8.800. Council for European Urbanism er medarrangør av kursene. CEU-Norge kan derfor tilby en rabatt på kr. 1000 pr. kurs. Avgift for et tredagers kurs blir kr. 6.500. Ytterligere redusert pris ved påmelding av tre eller flere deltakere fra samme organisasjon. SE DETALJERTE KURSPROGRAM NEDENFOR
LUNSJMØTER I OSLO FOR DELTAKERNE Før kursene vil påmeldte deltakere bli invitert til et lunsjmøte i St. Olavs gate 7 med informasjon om kurset. Siv. ark Arne Sødal vil gi en presentasjon av kursenes faglige vinklinger. Kort tid etter kursene arrangeres det et nytt lunsjmøte der man oppsummeres erfaringene og diskuteres kursenes relevans for norske forhold. FLYREISE TIL LONDON Deltakerne må selv bestille flybillett. Man må ankomme London dagen før da kursene starter 09.00. Avslutning siste kursdag er kl. 17.00 og returfly bør derfor ikke ha avgang før ca. kl. 20.00. Billigste flyalternativ er Ryan Air fra Torp til Stanstead (fra ca. kr. 400 t/r.). Bl.a. SAS og British Airways tilbyr turer Gardermoen - Heathrow fra ca. kr. 1000 t/r. HOTELL Vi vil gi deltakere informasjon om endel rimelige hoteller og Bed & Breadfast-tilbud i nærheten av Prince`s Foundation (Shoreditch / Old Street tube station). TILBUD OM DAGSTUR TIL POUNDBURY Deltakere som ønsker det, kan bli en dag lenger og ta en dagstur med tog for å se Poundbury, det nye byområdet i Dorchester bygget på initiativ av Prince Charles med byplan av Leon Krier. Visestatsminister John Prescott har fremhevet Poundbury som et forbilde for bærekraftig byutvikling, se utdrag av tale nedenfor. Om Poundbury: http://www.byen.org/poundbury.html PÅMELDING OG MER INFORMASJON Epost for påmelding og spørsmål: ceu@broadpark.no Kontaktperson: Siv.ark. Arne Sødal, tlf. 22 20 09 26. St. Olavs gate 7, 0165 Oslo. Epost: arnsoeda@online.no Council for European Urbanism: http://www.ceunet.org/
DETALJERT KURSPROGRAM Enquiring by Design: The New Tools for Collaborative Planning Conference 18 May Short Course 19-20 May An essential forum for the developing state of best practice, followed by a Master Class in delivery, at The Prince’s Foundation, Shoreditch, London (Pledged to date) "This four day [Enquiry by Design] has probably equated to about 18 months of work so it’s been some feat of achievement." - Cynthia Rickett, Chairperson, South of Tyne and Wearside Mental Health NHS Trust
SKILLS ARE NEEDED NOW TO DELIVER How can we deliver the new communities outlined in the government’s ambitious Sustainable Communities Plan? How can governments, professionals and community members work effectively together to overcome the usual impediments? A new generation of collaborative techniques has proven its effectiveness around the UK. The Enquiry by Design technique -- and its continental cousin, the Charrette -- have proven themselves as effective tools for the generation of successful designs and the elimination of wasted resources. WHAT YOU WILL GET Enquiring by Design: The New Tools for Collaborative Planning combines a one-day conference on the topic with a two-day Master Class in hands-on technique by experienced practitioners. Attendees can come to one or both events. In the one-day conference, you will join high-level policy-makers to review the state of practice and the changes needed to provide the resources and skills necessary. In the two-day Master Class, you will learn the detailed techniques and procedures to be able to successfully participate in, or even conduct your own, Enquiry by Design or Charrette. You will receive detailed take-away information and links to additional resources. WHO IS IT FOR? Urban design professionals, architects, regional and national government officials, transport specialists, developers and housebuilders, and community stakeholders. PROGRAMME CONFERENCE DAY ONE (9:00 AM - 5:00 PM) PLENARY SESSION: Presentations and Debates Overview of EbD techniques Case studies of EbDs How EbDs fit in the UK planning process Fast Track - how will we cope? BREAKOUT SESSIONS: The Challenge Ahead EbDs and current planning legislation EbDs and the need to address skills gaps EbDs and the generation of codes FINAL PLENARY SESSION: The Challenge Ahead SHORT COURSE DAY ONE (9:00 AM - 5:00 PM) How to run an EbD or charrette With Victor Dover of the National Charrette Institute, Paul Murrain of the Prince’s Foundation and othersto be announced SHORT COURSE DAY TWO (9:00 AM - 5:00 PM) How to run an EbD or charrette, Part II Case studies and hands-on techniques A more detailed programme and additional information is available at www.princes-foundation.org/educ2004.htm [The Enquiry by Design] has been a very intense process and it really is fascinating seeing how something can be developed from scratch very fast with a lot of expertise being put in. It's usually a much slower process working with the planning department in the planning process. So far we’ve been working with the local health trust for 7 or 8 years and things have moved along very, very slowly. I think from what I hear this week there’s a lot of acceptance of the scheme, so it’s moved forward nearly hundred percent I think it’s going to be a brilliant piece of urban design."
Creating a Civic Realm: The Place of Urban Codes Conference 15 June Short Course 16-17 June An essential forum for the developing state of best practice, followed by a Master Class in delivery, at The Prince’s Foundation, Shoreditch, London (Pledged to date) "The Deputy Prime Minister has declared that urban codes will be used to ensure the success of the Communities Plan’s growth areas." - Housing Today URBAN CODES ARE HOT - BUT WHAT ARE THEY ALL ABOUT? How can urban design codes help architects, planning officials and community stakeholders to ensure that new communities are successful and sustainable? How can they help to deliver the new communities outlined in the government’s ambitious Sustainable Communities Plan? And how can we prevent codes from becoming an over-regimenting constraint of design creativity? Urban design codes have been the subject of much heated discussion in recent months. But what are they, how are they generated, and how can they be implemented (if at all) in the UK planning system? WHAT YOU WILL GET Creating a Civic Realm: The Place of Urban Codes combines a one-day policy conference on the topic with a two-day Master Class in hands-on technique by Andres Duany, a leading international expert on urban codes; Paul Murrain of the Prince’s Foundation, a pioneer in urban coding; and other international leaders to be announced. Attendees can come to one or both events. In the one-day conference, you will join high-level policy-makers to review the state of coding practice, the and the changes needed to provide the resources and skills necessary. In the two-day Master Class, you will learn the detailed techniques and procedures to deliver a code for a project on the ground. You will receive detailed take-away information and links to additional resources. WHO IS IT FOR? Urban design professionals, architects, regional and national government officials, transport specialists, developers and housebuilders, and community stakeholders. PROGRAMME CONFERENCE DAY ONE (9:00 AM - 5:00 PM) PLENARY SESSION: Presentation, Panel DebatesOverview of kinds of codes and their delivery Case studies of the use of codes How codes can fit in the UK planning process Fast Track - how can codes help?BREAKOUT SESSIONS: The Nuts and Bolts Codes and current planning legislation Codes and the need to address skills gaps Codes as a product of collaborative design FINAL PLENARY: The Challenge Ahead SHORT COURSE DAY ONE (9:00 AM - 5:00 PM) HOW TO WRITE A CODE With Andres Duany, international expert on coding and author of the "SmartCode" And with Paul Murrain of the Prince’s Foundation, London, and others TBA SHORT COURSE DAY TWO (9:00 AM - 5:00 PM) HOW TO WRITE A CODE (CONTINUED) Andres Duany and Paul Murrain give you more details, case studies and hands-on techniques A more detailed programme with additional information is available at www.princes-foundation.org/educ2004.htm "The use of a design code at Northampton has enabled us to produce a high quality town extension much more quickly than the traditional planning route allows - and with wide public support." - Treavor Beattie, Director of Corporate Strategy, English Partnerships
RELEVANTE TEKSTER:
Leon Krier om forholdet mellom "masterplan" og "codes": fra boken "Architecture - Choice or Fate".
"The masterplan is to the construction of a city what the constitution is to the life of a nation. It is much more than a specialised technical instrument and is the expression of an ethical and artistic vision. The masterplan represents the legislative form of such a vision; it is the geometric expression and the necessary complement of the law. To guarantee its efficiency, the masterplan must have the rudimentary simplicity of moral precepts. It is divided into five parts: 1. A plan of the city, defining the size and form of its urban quarters and parks, the network of major avenues and boulevards. 2. A plan of each quarter, defining the network of streets, squares and blocks. 3. The form of individual plots on each urban block: number, shape, and function of floors that can be built by plot. 4. The architectural code describing materials, technical configurations, proportions for external building elements (walls, roofs, windows, doors, porticoes and porches, garden walls, chimneys) and all built elements that are visible from public spaces. 5. A code for public spaces, defining the materials, configurations, techniques and designs for paving, street furniture, signage, lighting and planting. The aim of the codes is to improve the quality of normal, regular and inevitable building, to create a "conventional" architecture of quality and encourage the routine realisation of utilitarian buildings by way of long-established traditional building types, to reserve architectural expression and artistic rhetoric for the construction of public buildings and the embellishment of public spaces. Thus, the masterplan has to ensure not only the harmonising of often divergent interests but also the expression of the natural differences between private and public architecture." Leon Krier
OM URBAN CODES: Fra sammendraget av et forskningsarbeid ved Lund Universitet om bruken av codes i USA og nytten av metoden for svenske forhold: http://www.lub.lu.se/cgi-bin/show_diss.pl?db=global&fname=tec_522.html Forfatter: Mats Hultman Tittel: Seaside, Celebration och Windsor: Studier av urbana estetiska regler Abstract (utdrag): Teoretiskt finns det tre huvudsakliga sätt att upprätthålla eller höja den arkitektoniska kvaliteten: Det första är en designgranskning av en enskild person eller av en grupp av bedömare så som sker vid en bygglovsgranskning eller en jurybedömning av en arkitekttävling. Det andra tänkbara sättet är uppbyggandet av en enhetlig smak- eller kvalitetskultur där alla ingående individer är överens om vad som är arkitektonisk kvalitet och nödvändigheten av att sträva efter den. Det tredje sättet är att formulera estetiska regler, och det är detta sätt som avhandlingen har undersökt närmare. Mer precist handlar avhandlingen om bruket av estetiska regler i stadssammanhang. Syftet med avhandlingen är att öka förståelsen för estetiska regler som fenomen, och att belysa förhållandet mellan estetiska regler och arkitektonisk kvalitet. Därför har de urbana designkoderna och den färdiga miljöns arkitektoniska kvalitet stått i fokus i de tre fallstudierna. Syftet har varit att klargöra vilken roll designkoderna spelat för den färdiga miljöns kvalitet. För att ytterligare fördjupa diskussionen kring dessa frågor diskuteras i avhandlingens teoretiska delar olika synsätt på regler och kvalitet som kan öka förståelsen för estetiska regler. Ett av de viktigare begreppsparen som diskuteras är stabil och spontan kvalitet. Stabil kvalitet står för fenomen som är bra därför att de stämmer överens med våra förväntningar och normer för hur just detta fenomen ska vara, medan spontan kvalitet står för fenomen som vi uppskattar för att de står för något nytt och positivt, djärva lösningar på nya problem. Fallstudierna tycks visa att estetiska regler framför allt har en koppling till (och en positiv inverkan på) den stabila kvaliteten. Spontan kvalitet kan uppstå om de estetiska reglerna inte är för detaljstyrande. Det verkar också som om den typ av designkod som använts i Seaside (en typologisk kod som utgår från löst beskrivna hustyper) lämnar större utrymme för uppkomsten av spontan kvalitet än den mönsterbok (som utgår från detaljerade beskrivningar av stilar) som använts i Celebration. Erfarenheterna från fallstudierna visar att samtliga har en högre arkitektonisk kvalitet än motsvarande områden planerade på gängse sätt och att de estetiska reglerna åtminstone delvis bidragit till detta. Slutsatsen blir att estetiska regler inte står i motsats till, eller förhindrar, uppkomsten av god arkitektonisk kvalitet Urbana designkoder borde kunna användas som planeringsteknik också i Sverige, även om innehållet i de estetiska reglerna måste anpassas till det aktuella svenska projektet. Estetiska regler kan användas som ett led i ett arbete för en högre arkitektonisk kvalitet i den byggda miljön. Den övergripande slutsatsen blir därför att urbana designkoder kan vara ett instrument av flera i en strävan efter en högre kvalitet hos den byggda miljön.
JOHN PRESCOTT OM BYUTVIKLING Fra en tale i Prince`s Foundation i november 2003. http://www.odpm.gov.uk/stellent/groups/odpm_about/documents/page/odpm_about_025814.hcsp?s=1 "Our American colleagues talk about "New Urbanism". Another deputy - Vice President Al Gore - spoke to me about "liveability". I prefer to think of "sustainable communities". Sustainable communities mean good streets, parks and places where people can meet. They mean good schools, shops, jobs and services. They are safe, well managed and maintained. They include affordable and market housing. They are well connected by public transport. In short, they are places where people are proud to live. That's how you say it in words. Indeed, my department's objective is "creating sustainable communities". But what matters isn't just talk. It is practical changes on the ground. 'Seeing is believing' - as you yourself often say. That's why Poundbury is so unique. I know that some of our leading architects have criticised it. But I also know that it was architects who gave awards to the concrete monstrosities that were built as homes for ordinary people but which gained an international bad name as the film set for "A Clock Work Orange". Poundbury is important because it puts people before cars. It shows that places to work and places to live can exist side by side. It has affordable housing and market housing - and you can't tell the difference between the two. It is a truly mixed community. Like any sustainable community, it has transport, shops, schools and health centres. And it is a successful community where people are proud to live. That's not rocket science. But it is revolutionary when we compare it with many of our modern housing estates. It's not as if we didn't used to know how to build successful communities. Even two thousand years ago the Romans gave us sustainable communities in Bath, Chester and elsewhere. Our Georgian towns and cities are the envy of the world. Garden suburbs like Bedford Park, Bourneville and Port Sunlight were imitated everywhere. And garden cities like Letchworth and Welwyn helped give birth to modern town planning. But we appear to have lost our way in the last century. We built huge soulless housing estates with the best intentions. But we didn't build communities". Last year I published the Communities Plan which put in place proposals to meet the demand for housing in London and the South East as well as deal with the problems of low demand and regeneration in the North. Building in the South East is always controversial. But I believe we can build better sustainable communities, mainly on brownfield sites, with a more efficient use of land, which will improve our quality of life, and provide the homes that are so desperately needed for our children and grandchildren. I see no reason why we should deny our children a decent place to live or fail to provide them with homes close to their families. Family links are a vital part of any sustainable community. Children deserve a home just as much as their parents who already have one. But equally, I see no reason why new communities can not live up to the highest standards we have achieved in the past. We've already made a start. We are exceeding our targets for re-using brownfield land. And we are pushing up the density of new build housing development. In the over-crowded South-East, for example, we have increased densities from 25 to 29 homes per hectare. But we can do better. Our Georgian towns and cities are built at densities of up to 80 homes per hectare. And we've more than matched that at Greenwich Millennium Village. I want our new communities to have the stamp of the new millennium. That's why we're reforming planning. That's why we have set up CABE - the Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment. That's why we have the new liveability fund. And that's why we're developing seven 'Millennium Communities' in urban and rural areas in different parts of the country. Greenwich Millennium Village is already a success - I'm pleased to see it in your new book. And our Millennium Communities will provide lessons that can be applied to sustainable communities everywhere. The greatest opportunity we have to create new communities is the Thames Gateway where we are aiming to build 120,000 new homes over the next 15 years - 80 per cent of them on brownfield land. We are moving ahead quickly on this. So I'm pleased to announce today, that English Partnerships and Bellway Homes are forming an ambitious joint venture to take forward development of the largest brownfield site in London, at Barking Reach on the north bank of the Thames Estuary. This scheme will create a series of new communities linking Barking town centre with the riverside. Altogether there will be more than ten thousand new homes - a new sustainable community with affordable and market accommodation. Both partners will share in the investment costs - and the profits. It will be the first public private partnership of its kind. And it's just a start. In North Kent we will see the creation of Ebbsfleet, a new town with around 25,000 new homes on the site of the derelict chalk quarries around the new international Channel Tunnel station. We are planning ten thousand new homes on the Greenwich peninsula next to the Dome in addition to the 1,400 in the Millennium Village. And there will be a further ten thousand in Ashford based on the Channel Tunnel Rail Link. But these communities will only work - will only be sustainable - if we take a pro-active approach to master planning and design. They present huge opportunities. To make the most of these, I will shortly be publishing revised guidance to planning authorities to modernise the 1947 Planning Act and put sustainable development at the heart of the planning system. Our architects, planners, developers and local authorities must rise to this challenge if we are to bring about the step change we need. That is why I visited Florida last month to learn from what has been achieved at Seaside. I know Seaside has been criticised for going 'back to the future' and for being a holiday village rather than a working community. But the use of masterplanning and urban coding in Seaside has a lot to offer here in Britain. I'm not talking about colonial style houses. I'm talking about how to produce an attractive, well planned environment quickly and efficiently. I believe that urban coding - or 'Community coding' as I would prefer to call it - has a lot to offer. It is the approach we have used for a development we have been working on since the last time we shared a platform in 1998. That was at St James's Palace, when I was Secretary of State at DETR. We had a discussion about how to plan for more sustainable development at the edges of our towns. After the conference, we worked together with English Partnerships and the Prince's Foundation to see whether we could apply the principles of 'Community coding' to a site at Upton, on the western edge of Northampton. A series of collaborative planning workshops took place with the local council and other key stakeholders. That led to a new masterplan, with housing, shops, workplaces, a school, a park and other facilities, brought together to form a new urban neighbourhood. That plan, for 1,200 new homes, has now been worked into a detailed urban code. I am encouraged to see that it is one of the case studies at the back of your new book. And today I'm pleased to announce that English Partnerships has selected the preferred developer for the first phase of this innovative project. The winner - Shenley Lodge - was chosen from a shortlist of five developers, and a start on site is due very shortly. And if there are any sceptical developers in the audience - take note, outline consent was approved by Northampton Council in just six weeks. I want to see this approach adopted in other places. Coding can produce the regularity of a London square or the variety of Seaside. Instead of spending money on lawyers and planning inquiries, developers can spend it on planning and design - and everyone benefits. I will therefore shortly announce a range of additional measures and sites to help bring about the use of 'Community coding' more widely. I have also asked CABE to become involved in this work. Building on the excellent and extensive work they have already done to help improve standards, they will help us in looking at a system for accrediting developers and sites, using 'Community coding'. We need to work with, and learn from, the best the world has to offer. The best practitioners; the best thinkers; the best architects; the best planners; the best projects...... I want to bring back a sense of civic pride. That means good strong local government. Modern communities with a strong sense of place. It means good local schools, healthcare, employment, public transport and leisure facilities. We need places where people want to live. Where a new generation will grow up and look at their communities with pride. That means a step change in planning and housing. It means a new self-confidence in our town planning and a fresh approach to urban design. It needs to be pro-active planning - not red tape and regulation. I believe there's an appetite for change. For good quality urban living. For high quality new suburbs. And for rural communities which provide homes for people who need them. Much of this is plain common sense. It's about looking at what works. It's about taking the best from our past, and adapting it to new needs. I believe the Prince of Wales and I share these goals in common. I am very pleased to share the platform with you today. You have done so much to make people aware of the built environment and demand a better quality of design for the future". |
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